/* * Software License Agreement (BSD License) * * Point Cloud Library (PCL) - www.pointclouds.org * Copyright (c) 2009, Willow Garage, Inc. * Copyright (c) 2012-, Open Perception, Inc. * * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following * disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided * with the distribution. * * Neither the name of the copyright holder(s) nor the names of its * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived * from this software without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. * * $Id$ * */ #ifndef PCL_SAMPLE_CONSENSUS_IMPL_RRANSAC_H_ #define PCL_SAMPLE_CONSENSUS_IMPL_RRANSAC_H_ #include ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// template bool pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel (int debug_verbosity_level) { // Warn and exit if no threshold was set if (threshold_ == std::numeric_limits::max()) { PCL_ERROR ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] No threshold set!\n"); return (false); } iterations_ = 0; std::size_t n_best_inliers_count = 0; double k = std::numeric_limits::max(); Indices selection; Eigen::VectorXf model_coefficients (sac_model_->getModelSize ()); std::set indices_subset; const double log_probability = std::log (1.0 - probability_); const double one_over_indices = 1.0 / static_cast (sac_model_->getIndices ()->size ()); std::size_t n_inliers_count; unsigned skipped_count = 0; // suppress infinite loops by just allowing 10 x maximum allowed iterations for invalid model parameters! const unsigned max_skip = max_iterations_ * 10; // Number of samples to try randomly const std::size_t fraction_nr_points = pcl_lrint (static_cast(sac_model_->getIndices ()->size ()) * fraction_nr_pretest_ / 100.0); // Iterate while (iterations_ < k) { // Get X samples which satisfy the model criteria sac_model_->getSamples (iterations_, selection); if (selection.empty ()) { PCL_ERROR ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] No samples could be selected!\n"); break; } // Search for inliers in the point cloud for the current plane model M if (!sac_model_->computeModelCoefficients (selection, model_coefficients)) { //iterations_++; ++skipped_count; if (skipped_count < max_skip) { PCL_DEBUG ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] The function computeModelCoefficients failed, so continue with next iteration.\n"); continue; } else { PCL_DEBUG ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] The function computeModelCoefficients failed, and RRANSAC reached the maximum number of trials.\n"); break; } } // RRANSAC addon: verify a random fraction of the data // Get X random samples which satisfy the model criterion this->getRandomSamples (sac_model_->getIndices (), fraction_nr_points, indices_subset); if (!sac_model_->doSamplesVerifyModel (indices_subset, model_coefficients, threshold_)) { ++iterations_; PCL_DEBUG ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] The function doSamplesVerifyModel failed, so continue with next iteration.\n"); continue; } // Select the inliers that are within threshold_ from the model n_inliers_count = sac_model_->countWithinDistance (model_coefficients, threshold_); // Better match ? if (n_inliers_count > n_best_inliers_count) { n_best_inliers_count = n_inliers_count; // Save the current model/inlier/coefficients selection as being the best so far model_ = selection; model_coefficients_ = model_coefficients; // Compute the k parameter (k=std::log(z)/std::log(1-w^n)) const double w = static_cast (n_best_inliers_count) * one_over_indices; double p_outliers = 1.0 - std::pow (w, static_cast (selection.size ())); // Probability that selection is contaminated by at least one outlier p_outliers = (std::max) (std::numeric_limits::epsilon (), p_outliers); // Avoid division by -Inf p_outliers = (std::min) (1.0 - std::numeric_limits::epsilon (), p_outliers); // Avoid division by 0. k = log_probability / std::log (p_outliers); } ++iterations_; if (debug_verbosity_level > 1) PCL_DEBUG ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] Trial %d out of %d: %u inliers (best is: %u so far).\n", iterations_, static_cast (std::ceil (k)), n_inliers_count, n_best_inliers_count); if (iterations_ > max_iterations_) { if (debug_verbosity_level > 0) PCL_DEBUG ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] RRANSAC reached the maximum number of trials.\n"); break; } } if (debug_verbosity_level > 0) PCL_DEBUG ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] Model: %lu size, %u inliers.\n", model_.size (), n_best_inliers_count); if (model_.empty ()) { PCL_ERROR ("[pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus::computeModel] RRANSAC found no model.\n"); inliers_.clear (); return (false); } // Get the set of inliers that correspond to the best model found so far sac_model_->selectWithinDistance (model_coefficients_, threshold_, inliers_); return (true); } #define PCL_INSTANTIATE_RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus(T) template class PCL_EXPORTS pcl::RandomizedRandomSampleConsensus; #endif // PCL_SAMPLE_CONSENSUS_IMPL_RRANSAC_H_